Kuva mu 2021, imbere y’ibibazo bikomeye kandi bigoye mpuzamahanga nko gukwirakwiza icyorezo gishya cy’umusonga, kwiyongera kw’ubucuruzi, ndetse no kuvugurura byihuse urwego mpuzamahanga rw’inganda n’ibicuruzwa, ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’Ubushinwa bwerekanye imbaraga zikomeye. , yageze ku iterambere ryihuse, kandi akomeza guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Mu mwaka wa mbere wa “14th Plan-Year-14”, hatanzwe “transcript” itangaje.
Kwerekana inzira yo gukura byihuse
Iyo usubije amaso inyuma ukareba 2021, ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’igihugu cyanjye bwerekanye iterambere ryihuse, kandi umuvuduko w’ukwezi kw’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byagumye ku mibare ibiri ku mwaka ku mwaka.Mu gihembwe cya mbere, “igihembwe kitari gito”, igipimo cy’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga butumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga byose byageze ku mateka mu gihe kimwe, kandi umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga wageze ku rwego rwo hejuru kuri gihe kimwe kuva mu 2011;igiciro rusange cy’ibitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu gihembwe cya kabiri n'icya gatatu byari 95.900 buri kimwe cya miliyari, miliyari 10.23, byiyongereyeho 25.2% na 15.2%;mu mezi 10 ya mbere, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 4.89 z'amadolari y'Amerika, umwaka ku mwaka byiyongera 31.9%, kandi igipimo cyarenze icya mbere, gishyiraho amateka mashya;Muri Nzeri, igihugu cyanjye cyose cyatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byari tiriyari 35.39, byiyongereyeho 22%.
Abahanga mu nganda muri rusange bemeza ko ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bushyira mu gaciro bushigikira imikorere y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bwazamutseho 9.8% umwaka ushize, ibyo bikaba byari hejuru y’ikigereranyo cy’iterambere ry’isi ku isi ndetse n’ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu bukomeye.
Cui Weijie, umuyobozi wungirije akaba n'umushakashatsi mu kigo cy’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga n’ubufatanye n’ubukungu muri Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’umunyamakuru w’Ubushinwa Ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa yavuze ko ubushinwa bw’ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga muri uyu mwaka burenze ibyateganijwe.Mbere na mbere, yungukiye mu Bushinwa gukoresha neza inyungu z’inzego no kurwanya byihuse kandi neza.Ibigo bisubukura imirimo n'umusaruro byihuse, umusingi winganda mugutezimbere ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga ni byiza, kandi amasoko ararangiye.Icya kabiri, Komite Nkuru y'Ishyaka n'Inama ya Leta biha agaciro gakomeye ingorane zifatika mu guhagarika ubucuruzi bw'amahanga.Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi yakoze imirimo myinshi mu guteza imbere umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa, kwemeza ubushobozi no gushimangira igenzura ry’ibiciro, no kuyobora inzego z’ibanze gushyiraho ingamba zikwiye.Igisubizo cyiza.Icya gatatu, icyorezo cyateje icyuho kinini mubitangwa nibisabwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga.Sisitemu yo gutanga ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa irashobora guhuza n’imihindagurikire y’ibikenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga, igatanga ibicuruzwa ku isoko mu gihe gikwiye, kandi bigahaza ibikenewe mu gukumira icyorezo, umusaruro n’ubuzima mu bihugu byose n’uturere.Muri icyo gihe, amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi y’ubushinwa n’amahanga yakusanyije byimazeyo umutungo w’umusaruro, atezimbere R&D n’ibishushanyo mbonera, ashimangira igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa, kandi yohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu bicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge.
Mu Gushyingo, igihugu cyanjye cyose cyatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga cyariyongereye ku mwaka ku mwaka 20.5%.Muri byo, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari tiriyari 2,09 z'amayero, umwaka ku mwaka byiyongereyeho 16,6%, kandi bikomeza kwiyongera cyane;ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari tiriyari 1,63, byiyongereyeho umwaka ku mwaka 26%, bikaba bishya muri uyu mwaka.Li Chunding, umuyobozi w’ishami ry’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi ry’ishuri ry’ubukungu n’imicungire ya kaminuza y’ubuhinzi y’Ubushinwa, yavuze ko ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga birenze ibyo byari byitezwe.Ku ruhande rumwe, ifaranga ry’isi ryazamuye ibiciro bitumizwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane izamuka ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi n’ingufu, bituma ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byiyongera.Ku rundi ruhande, Biterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye no kwaguka kw'imbere mu gihugu byatumye ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byiyongera.
Gukomeza kunoza imiterere yubucuruzi bwamahanga
Cui Weijie yavuze ko ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’igihugu cyanjye butigeze bugera ku rwego rwo hejuru gusa, ahubwo ko ubwiza bwabwo bwakomeje kwiyongera.Mu gihembwe cya mbere, ibyoherezwa mu buhanga buhanitse kandi byongerewe agaciro ibicuruzwa byari bikomeye.Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mashini n’amashanyarazi byiyongereyeho 23%, bingana na 58.8% by’agaciro kwoherezwa mu mahanga, bigatuma umuvuduko w’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku gipimo cya 13.5 ku ijana;Imipaka yambukiranya imipaka itumizwa mu mahanga no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, uburyo bwo kugura amasoko uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze Uburyo bushya bwubucuruzi nuburyo bushya bwubucuruzi bw’amahanga bwakomeje kwiyongera kabiri.
Dufate urugero rwa e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka nkurugero, kuva hashyirwaho uturere twose tw’ubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, kubaka ibyambu bya digitale, kugeza gutangiza imishinga y’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka, kuva ku bucuruzi, kunoza igenzura rya e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga no guhanahana amakuru, kubaka ingufu Ubushinwa n’Uburayi Kubijyanye n’ibikoresho byambukiranya imipaka ndetse n’ubwikorezi nka gari ya moshi zitwara ibicuruzwa n’ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga, ingamba zifatika zikomeje kunoza ubucuruzi no guteza imbere byihuse. guteza imbere imishinga mishya yubucuruzi nicyitegererezo nka e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.
Umunyamakuru yamenye ko amasosiyete menshi y’ubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga ateza imbere imishinga y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka n’ububiko bwo mu mahanga, ndetse akanakoresha imiyoboro y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo ahuze n’abaguzi kandi akore ibintu byihariye.Dai Yufei, visi perezida wa Amazone ku isi akaba n’umuyobozi w’amaduka ya Amazone ku isi afungura akarere ka Aziya-Pasifika, yemeza ko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byambukiranya imipaka n’ubucuruzi n’abacuruzi byahindutse biva mu “bwiyongere bukabije” bukajya “guhinga cyane”, no kwambuka -Ubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi bwumupaka burimo kuba imbaraga zingenzi mubucuruzi bwubushinwa.
Byongeye kandi, imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu gihugu cyarushijeho kuba bwiza kandi imiterere mpuzamahanga y’isoko yarushijeho kuba myinshi.Mu Gushyingo kwa mbere, igihugu cyanjye cyohereza no kohereza muri ASEAN, EU, Amerika, n'Ubuyapani byiyongereyeho 20,6%, 20%, 21.1% na 10.7% umwaka ushize.Muri icyo gihe kimwe, igihugu cyanjye cyohereza no kohereza mu bihugu bikikije “Umukandara n'umuhanda” byiyongereyeho 23.5% umwaka ushize.Mu Gushyingo kwa mbere, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 17.15 z'amayero, bingana na 48.5% by'Ubushinwa byinjira mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Ibigo byinshi byigenga bikoresha uburyo bwa digitale kugirango bishyigikire kandi biyobore iterambere ryibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze hamwe nicyerekezo cyibicuruzwa.Yakomeje agira ati: "Twashyizeho uburyo bwa sisitemu kugira ngo dusobanukirwe n'ingeso zo kugura abakiriya ndetse n’urwego rwo gukoresha binyuze mu gufata amakuru manini yo kugurisha, ubuziranenge ndetse n’abakiriya biturutse ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi duhindure ibitekerezo by’abakiriya mu buryo bukenewe ku isoko. Byongeye kandi, isosiyete kandi ihindura byimazeyo imiterere nogukora ibicuruzwa bishingiye kumibare ya sisitemu, igashyira mubikorwa neza ishoramari R&D, igakoresha neza ibicuruzwa bishobora gutangwa, kandi ikazamura imigabane mpuzamahanga ku isoko.
Iterambere rihamye hamwe ningamba nyinshi
Nka imwe muri “troikas” itera kuzamuka mu bukungu, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga buzakomeza gutera imbere buhamye.Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi Shu Jueting mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru mbere yavuze ko biteganijwe ko umwaka w’umwaka w’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizagenda neza kurushaho, iterambere ryiza rikaba ryihuta, ndetse n’imiterere y’igihugu gikomeye cy’ubucuruzi bizahuzwa, kandi intego y "ubwinshi bwimiterere no kuzamura ireme" irashobora kurangira neza..
Icyakora, abantu bireba bagaragaje kandi ko amasosiyete menshi y’ubucuruzi y’ububanyi n’amahanga, cyane cyane amasosiyete mato y’ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi buciriritse, buciriritse n’iciriritse, yongereye ingufu mu mikorere n’ibibazo, ndetse n’ikibazo cyo “kudashaka kwakira ibicuruzwa” no “kongera amafaranga atiriwe yunguka” ni Bisanzwe.
Cui Weijie yavuze ko mu gihe kiri imbere, mu rwego rwo guhangana n'ibibazo bikomeye byo mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga, tugomba guhita dushimangira ishyirwaho rya politiki n'ingamba bigamije, gukora akazi keza mu guhindura imipaka, gukuraho ingorane ku mishinga, gutuza no gushyira mu gaciro. ibiteganijwe, no gukomeza ibikorwa byubucuruzi bwamahanga muburyo bunoze.
By'umwihariko: Icya mbere, shimangira ibigo byamasoko.Tuzakomeza kunoza uruhare rw’ubwishingizi bw’inguzanyo zoherezwa mu mahanga, tumenye ko inguzanyo z’ubucuruzi z’amahanga zitangwa, dushimangire ubushobozi bw’inganda guhangana n’ingaruka z’ivunjisha, no kuzamura urwego rwo korohereza.Iya kabiri ni uguteza imbere udushya.Gutezimbere cyane imishinga mishya yubucuruzi nubucuruzi nka e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka nububiko bwo hanze, kubaka agace ka digitale yubucuruzi bwisi yose, no guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwicyatsi.Icya gatatu nukubaka urubuga rukomeye.Tanga uruhare runini ku ruhare rw’ibyambu muri zone yubucuruzi bwisanzuye, kandi uhinge urubuga rutandukanye nka parike yinganda zubucuruzi zitunganya ibicuruzwa byigihugu, ibicuruzwa byamamaza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, hamwe n’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ndetse no kuzamura ibiciro.Icya kane ni ukwemeza ituze no kugenda neza.Tanga uruhare runini rwuruhare rwitsinda ryubucuruzi ridafite imbogamizi, gushyira mubikorwa ibikorwa byubucuruzi byububanyi n’amahanga bitabangamiye, guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bitambutse no gutuza, no guharanira itangwa ry’inganda z’ubucuruzi n’amahanga.Icya gatanu, wagura umwanya w isoko.Sobanukirwa n'amahirwe akomeye yo gushyira mu bikorwa RCEP mu 2022, ukoreshe neza amasezerano yubucuruzi yashyizweho umukono, utegure witonze imurikagurisha rikomeye nk'imurikagurisha rya Canton.
2021-12-30
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-05-2022